This study investigates educational work in Italian museums with people living with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers, starting from the multi-year programme “Custodire memorie” and from the researcher’s participant observation as head of an education department. The aim is to describe professional profiles, approaches and methods of museum educators and heads of educational services, exploring the transformations generated by these practices and the institutional conditions that make them possible. The theoretical framework weaves together heritage education and a phenomenological–hermeneutic perspective, adopting reflexivity as an epistemological stance (the educator/researcher “in action”) and “educational care” as the operative horizon. The methodological design is qualitative and interpretive, employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). A purposive sample of professionals working in museums offering programmes for dementia was selected; data collection drew on semi-structured interviews, field notes and a review of international literature. Analysis followed IPA’s typical phases (emergent meanings, construction of thematic matrices, cross-case syntheses, intersubjective validation), in compliance with ethical principles and informed consent. Findings delineate a multi-dimensional competence profile. Alongside non-negotiable disciplinary knowledge of collections, practitioners display pedagogical competences matured in practice: listening as a technique, dialogic facilitation, reading of non-verbal communication, multisensory design, group management in gallery spaces, and the capacity to modulate slow time. Co-facilitation between a museum educator and a psychosocial professional is widely recognised as valuable: the dyad ensures safety, attunement to needs, reciprocal care, and greater efficacy in supporting caregivers. Observed practices position the museum as an inclusive, “habitable” environment, where artworks become devices for biographical resonance and recognition rather than objects for mere decoding. At the same time, the research highlights organisational frictions: efficiency-driven metrics that struggle to legitimise slow tempos and messy realities; a discontinuous dialogue with health services; the low visibility of educational work; and frequent overlap between educator and head roles, which weakens leadership and professional recognition. Nevertheless, elements of a platform for professionalisation emerge: interdisciplinary co-design, systematic documentation, outcome evaluation for people with dementia and caregivers, structured reflective practice, and membership in communities of practice. The study’s original contribution is twofold. Theoretically, it reframes heritage education as a situated practice of care that holds together historical-artistic knowledge and the transformation of life contexts, and it rethinks the professional profile towards an “edu-curation” centred on the conditions of encounter between people and works. Operationally, it offers recommendations for policy and museum organisations: stabilise co-facilitation, formalise alliances with health and social-care networks, invest in joint training and in documentation/evaluation devices, making the professional value produced visible. Future directions include longitudinal studies on outcomes for caregivers and dyads, shared wellbeing metrics, and organisational models that acknowledge educational leadership. In conclusion, the research shows how the museum can act as a social “clearing” in which personal and collective memories are safeguarded and set back into circulation: a professionalism that is at once knowledge of heritage and living memory in the service of people.

La ricerca indaga il lavoro educativo nei musei italiani con persone con Alzheimer e i loro caregiver, a partire dall’esperienza pluriennale “Custodire memorie” e dall’osservazione partecipante della ricercatrice, responsabile di un dipartimento educativo. L’obiettivo è descrivere profili professionali, approcci e metodi di educatrici museali e responsabili dei servizi educativi, esplorando trasformazioni generate dalle pratiche e le condizioni istituzionali che le rendono possibili. Il quadro teorico intreccia pedagogia del patrimonio e prospettiva fenomenologico-ermeneutica, assumendo la riflessività come postura epistemologica e la “cura educativa” come orizzonte operativo. Il disegno metodologico è qualitativo interpretativo, con adozione dell’Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). È stato impiegato un campionamento intenzionale di professioniste operanti in musei che sviluppano programmi per demenza; la raccolta dati si è basata su interviste semi-strutturate, integrate da note di campo e da una revisione della letteratura internazionale. L’analisi, condotta per temi ricorsivi e connessioni trasversali, ha seguito i passaggi tipici dell’IPA (emersione di significati, costruzione di matrici tematiche, validazione intersoggettiva), nel rispetto dei principi etici e del consenso informato. I risultati delineano un profilo di competenze multiforme. Accanto alla conoscenza disciplinare del patrimonio emergono competenze pedagogiche maturate nella pratica: ascolto come tecnica, conduzione dialogica, lettura del non verbale, design multisensoriale, gestione del gruppo nello spazio espositivo e capacità di modulare tempi lenti. È ampiamente riconosciuto il valore della co-conduzione tra educatrice museale e professionista sociosanitario: la coppia garantisce sicurezza, sintonizzazione sui bisogni, possibilità di cura reciproca e maggiore efficacia nel sostenere anche il caregiver. Le pratiche osservate collocano il museo come ambiente accogliente e “abitabile”, dove le opere diventano dispositivi di risonanza biografica e di riconoscimento, più che oggetti da decodificare. Parallelamente, la ricerca evidenzia criticità organizzative: un orientamento istituzionale centrato su efficienza e numeri, che talvolta fatica a legittimare tempi lunghi e “carovane imperfette”; la discontinuità del dialogo con i servizi sanitari; la scarsa visibilità del lavoro educativo e la frequente sovrapposizione fra ruoli di educatrice e responsabile, che indebolisce leadership e riconoscimento. Dalle voci professionali emergono tuttavia elementi di una piattaforma di professionalizzazione: coprogettazione inter-disciplinare, documentazione sistematica, valutazione degli esiti per persone con demenza e caregiver, pratiche riflessive strutturate e appartenenza a comunità di pratica. Il contributo originale dello studio è duplice. Sul piano teorico, propone di leggere l’educazione al patrimonio come pratica di cura situata, capace di tenere insieme sapere storico-artistico e trasformazione dei contesti di vita, e di ripensare il profilo professionale nella direzione di una “edu-curation” centrata sulle condizioni dell’incontro tra persone e opere. Sul piano operativo, offre raccomandazioni per politiche e organizzazioni museali: stabilizzare la co-conduzione, formalizzare alleanze con la rete sociosanitaria, investire in formazione congiunta e in dispositivi di documentazione/valutazione, rendendo visibile il valore professionale prodotto. Si indicano piste future: studi longitudinali sugli esiti per caregiver e coppie, metriche condivise di benessere e modelli organizzativi che riconoscano leadership educativa. In conclusione, la ricerca mostra come il museo possa agire da “radura” sociale in cui le memorie – personali e collettive – vengono custodite e rimesse in circolo: una professionalità che è, insieme, conoscenza del patrimonio e memoria vivente al servizio delle persone.

Cecio, L (2026). I MUSEI PER LE PERSONE CON ALZHEIMER E CAREGIVER. L’ESPERIENZA DEGLI EDUCATORI MUSEALI. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2026).

I MUSEI PER LE PERSONE CON ALZHEIMER E CAREGIVER. L’ESPERIENZA DEGLI EDUCATORI MUSEALI

CECIO, LUCIA
2026

Abstract

This study investigates educational work in Italian museums with people living with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers, starting from the multi-year programme “Custodire memorie” and from the researcher’s participant observation as head of an education department. The aim is to describe professional profiles, approaches and methods of museum educators and heads of educational services, exploring the transformations generated by these practices and the institutional conditions that make them possible. The theoretical framework weaves together heritage education and a phenomenological–hermeneutic perspective, adopting reflexivity as an epistemological stance (the educator/researcher “in action”) and “educational care” as the operative horizon. The methodological design is qualitative and interpretive, employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). A purposive sample of professionals working in museums offering programmes for dementia was selected; data collection drew on semi-structured interviews, field notes and a review of international literature. Analysis followed IPA’s typical phases (emergent meanings, construction of thematic matrices, cross-case syntheses, intersubjective validation), in compliance with ethical principles and informed consent. Findings delineate a multi-dimensional competence profile. Alongside non-negotiable disciplinary knowledge of collections, practitioners display pedagogical competences matured in practice: listening as a technique, dialogic facilitation, reading of non-verbal communication, multisensory design, group management in gallery spaces, and the capacity to modulate slow time. Co-facilitation between a museum educator and a psychosocial professional is widely recognised as valuable: the dyad ensures safety, attunement to needs, reciprocal care, and greater efficacy in supporting caregivers. Observed practices position the museum as an inclusive, “habitable” environment, where artworks become devices for biographical resonance and recognition rather than objects for mere decoding. At the same time, the research highlights organisational frictions: efficiency-driven metrics that struggle to legitimise slow tempos and messy realities; a discontinuous dialogue with health services; the low visibility of educational work; and frequent overlap between educator and head roles, which weakens leadership and professional recognition. Nevertheless, elements of a platform for professionalisation emerge: interdisciplinary co-design, systematic documentation, outcome evaluation for people with dementia and caregivers, structured reflective practice, and membership in communities of practice. The study’s original contribution is twofold. Theoretically, it reframes heritage education as a situated practice of care that holds together historical-artistic knowledge and the transformation of life contexts, and it rethinks the professional profile towards an “edu-curation” centred on the conditions of encounter between people and works. Operationally, it offers recommendations for policy and museum organisations: stabilise co-facilitation, formalise alliances with health and social-care networks, invest in joint training and in documentation/evaluation devices, making the professional value produced visible. Future directions include longitudinal studies on outcomes for caregivers and dyads, shared wellbeing metrics, and organisational models that acknowledge educational leadership. In conclusion, the research shows how the museum can act as a social “clearing” in which personal and collective memories are safeguarded and set back into circulation: a professionalism that is at once knowledge of heritage and living memory in the service of people.
ZUCCOLI, FRANCA GIULIANA MARIA ANTONIA
Educazione museale; Musei; Alzheimer; Ricerca qualitativa; Interviste
Heritage Education; Museums; Alzheimer disease; Qualitative Research; Interviews
Italian
10-set-2026
37
2024/2025
embargoed_20290910
Cecio, L (2026). I MUSEI PER LE PERSONE CON ALZHEIMER E CAREGIVER. L’ESPERIENZA DEGLI EDUCATORI MUSEALI. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2026).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/626101
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