Assessing Acoustic Dynamics in Alpine Ecosystems: The Nivolet Pass Case Study

Alpine ecosystems, among the most vulnerable to climate change and anthropogenic disturbances, remain underexplored in their acoustic dimensions despite their crucial role in supporting biodiversity and ecological processes. These environments also attract significant human activity, becoming hotspots of interaction between natural and anthropogenic dynamics. This study investigates the acoustic impact of road traffic noise along the SP50 provincial road, from Lake Serrù to Savoia Refuge, in Gran Paradiso National Park (Italy). Acoustic levels were monitored using class 1 sound level meters, with measurements conducted during periods of both road closure and peak tourist activity. The recorded data were analyzed to assess sound pressure variations in relation to traffic flow and other local sources. Simultaneously, vehicle density was quantified to establish correlations between traffic patterns and acoustic conditions. The findings demonstrate the significant influence of anthropogenic noise on the acoustic environment, highlighting the need for informed noise management strategies. By situating these results within the European frameworks for noise management and biodiversity conservation, the study underscores the critical role of acoustic monitoring in guiding targeted conservation strategies. This research highlights the importance of integrating noise control measures with ecosystem management to mitigate human impacts and ensure the sustainable preservation of fragile alpine environments.