The desire to understand how best to support young people leaving care was the driving force behind the entire doctoral programme and the origin of the question that guided the research: Is participation in alternative care a fundamental aspect of preparing for adult life? The study presented here is the result of the Executive Doctorate developed under the agreement between the University of Milano-Bicocca and SOS Children's Villages. To answer the research question, a case study was designed to examine the intervention model of SOS Children's Villages. Within this framework, the research question was addressed through a phenomenological approach, considered appropriate for capturing the meaning of the subjects' experiences and the representations they construct of their own world. The adoption of a phenomenological perspective made it possible to approach educational phenomena with the aim of understanding them from within, avoiding the superimposition of preconceived theories or rigid interpretative frameworks. The research therefore aimed to reflect on educational practice through the eyes of professionals and young people who tell their stories, recognising in each narrative an opportunity for learning and rethinking educational practice. The leaving care phase, i.e. the moment when young people leave care, is a crucial aspect of the protection system. It requires particular attention because, if not adequately supported, it can become a critical transition that compromises the positive outcomes of the care experience. International and national research has highlighted how the transition to adulthood for care leavers is a period of high risk of vulnerability, in which the absence of support networks and targeted policies can lead to social exclusion and housing and economic insecurity. In promoting the well-being of young people in care and accompanying them towards independence, it is therefore essential to adopt a rights-based approach, centred on the recognition of children and young people as rights holders, not simply as recipients of interventions. In this context, participation is a fundamental strategy for protection and empowerment: participating means being able to express opinions, be heard and actively contribute to decisions that affect one's life. The research therefore examined what it really means to guarantee protection through participation and what forms and meanings it can take in care settings. Investigating these dimensions required combining theoretical reflection with listening to the direct protagonists. For this reason, the research involved the active participation of professionals and care leavers in order to explore their narratives and representations. Through interviews and focus groups, the analysis sought to identify the conditions that make authentic and meaningful participation possible, as well as the obstacles that limit its full implementation. Particular attention was paid to how participation affects the outcomes of care pathways, also opening up new avenues of investigation into the relationship between educational practices, agency and rights. The research highlighted how participation is a strategic element in the processes of protecting and supporting young people, but at the same time a fragile and complex dimension to implement in practice. Participation is not only a right, but also a methodological principle that runs through the entire care and protection system, requiring a constant balance between ethical, organisational and relational dimensions. It thus becomes the heart of an educational model capable of combining protection and autonomy.
Il desiderio di comprendere come accompagnare al meglio i ragazzi in uscita dalle realtà di accoglienza, è stato il motore di tutto il percorso di dottorato e l’origine della domanda che ha guidato la ricerca: "La partecipazione in alternative care è una dimensione fondamentale per la preparazione alla vita adulta?" Lo studio è frutto del dottorato Executive sviluppato nell’ambito della convenzione tra Università Milano Bicocca e SOS Villaggi dei Bambini. Per rispondere alla domanda di ricerca, si è progettato uno studio di caso volto ad approfondire il modello di intervento di SOS Villaggi dei Bambini. La domanda di ricerca è stata affrontata attraverso un approccio fenomenologico, ritenuto adeguato a cogliere il significato dell’esperienza vissuta dai soggetti e le rappresentazioni che essi costruiscono del proprio mondo . L’assunzione di una prospettiva fenomenologica ha consentito di avvicinarsi ai fenomeni educativi con l’intento di comprenderli dall’interno, evitando di sovrapporre teorie precostituite. La ricerca ha pertanto mirato a riflettere sulla pratica educativa attraverso lo sguardo dei professionisti e dei giovani che si raccontano, riconoscendo in ciascuna narrazione un’occasione di apprendimento e di ripensamento del fare educativo. La fase di leaving care, ovvero il momento in cui i ragazzi lasciano i percorsi di accoglienza, rappresenta una dimensione cruciale del sistema di tutela. Essa richiede particolare attenzione, poiché, se non adeguatamente accompagnata, può trasformarsi in un passaggio critico capace di compromettere gli esiti positivi dell’esperienza di accoglienza. Le ricerche internazionali e nazionali, hanno messo in evidenza come la transizione all’età adulta dei care leavers sia un periodo ad alto rischio di vulnerabilità, in cui l’assenza di reti di supporto e di politiche mirate può determinare esiti di esclusione sociale e precarietà abitativa ed economica. Nel promuovere il benessere dei ragazzi accolti e nell’accompagnarli verso l’autonomia, diventa dunque imprescindibile adottare un approccio rights-based, centrato sul riconoscimento del bambino e del giovane come titolare di diritti, non come semplice destinatario di interventi. La partecipazione si configura in questo quadro come una strategia fondamentale di tutela e di empowerment: partecipare significa poter esprimere opinioni, essere ascoltati, contribuire attivamente alle decisioni che incidono sulla propria vita. La ricerca si è quindi interrogata su cosa significhi realmente garantire protezione attraverso la partecipazione e su quali forme possa assumere nei contesti di accoglienza. Indagare tali dimensioni ha richiesto di coniugare la riflessione teorica con l’ascolto dei protagonisti diretti. Per questo motivo, la ricerca ha previsto il coinvolgimento attivo di professionisti e care leavers. Attraverso le interviste e i focus group, l’analisi ha cercato di individuare le condizioni che rendono possibile una partecipazione autentica e significativa, nonché gli ostacoli che ne limitano la piena attuazione. Particolare attenzione è stata dedicata al modo in cui la partecipazione incide sugli esiti dei percorsi di accoglienza, aprendo anche a nuove piste di indagine sul rapporto tra pratiche educative, agency e diritti. Il percorso di ricerca ha messo in evidenza come la partecipazione rappresenti un elemento strategico nei processi di tutela e accompagnamento dei ragazzi, ma al contempo una dimensione fragile e complessa da realizzare concretamente. La partecipazione si configura non solo come un diritto, ma come un principio metodologico che attraversa l’intero sistema di cura e protezione, richiedendo un costante equilibrio tra dimensione etica, organizzativa e relazionale.
Tedesco, S (2026). PARTECIPAZIONE E LEAVING CARE Il ruolo della partecipazione nella transizione all’età adulta dei care leavers. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2026).
PARTECIPAZIONE E LEAVING CARE Il ruolo della partecipazione nella transizione all’età adulta dei care leavers
TEDESCO, SAMANTHA
2026
Abstract
The desire to understand how best to support young people leaving care was the driving force behind the entire doctoral programme and the origin of the question that guided the research: Is participation in alternative care a fundamental aspect of preparing for adult life? The study presented here is the result of the Executive Doctorate developed under the agreement between the University of Milano-Bicocca and SOS Children's Villages. To answer the research question, a case study was designed to examine the intervention model of SOS Children's Villages. Within this framework, the research question was addressed through a phenomenological approach, considered appropriate for capturing the meaning of the subjects' experiences and the representations they construct of their own world. The adoption of a phenomenological perspective made it possible to approach educational phenomena with the aim of understanding them from within, avoiding the superimposition of preconceived theories or rigid interpretative frameworks. The research therefore aimed to reflect on educational practice through the eyes of professionals and young people who tell their stories, recognising in each narrative an opportunity for learning and rethinking educational practice. The leaving care phase, i.e. the moment when young people leave care, is a crucial aspect of the protection system. It requires particular attention because, if not adequately supported, it can become a critical transition that compromises the positive outcomes of the care experience. International and national research has highlighted how the transition to adulthood for care leavers is a period of high risk of vulnerability, in which the absence of support networks and targeted policies can lead to social exclusion and housing and economic insecurity. In promoting the well-being of young people in care and accompanying them towards independence, it is therefore essential to adopt a rights-based approach, centred on the recognition of children and young people as rights holders, not simply as recipients of interventions. In this context, participation is a fundamental strategy for protection and empowerment: participating means being able to express opinions, be heard and actively contribute to decisions that affect one's life. The research therefore examined what it really means to guarantee protection through participation and what forms and meanings it can take in care settings. Investigating these dimensions required combining theoretical reflection with listening to the direct protagonists. For this reason, the research involved the active participation of professionals and care leavers in order to explore their narratives and representations. Through interviews and focus groups, the analysis sought to identify the conditions that make authentic and meaningful participation possible, as well as the obstacles that limit its full implementation. Particular attention was paid to how participation affects the outcomes of care pathways, also opening up new avenues of investigation into the relationship between educational practices, agency and rights. The research highlighted how participation is a strategic element in the processes of protecting and supporting young people, but at the same time a fragile and complex dimension to implement in practice. Participation is not only a right, but also a methodological principle that runs through the entire care and protection system, requiring a constant balance between ethical, organisational and relational dimensions. It thus becomes the heart of an educational model capable of combining protection and autonomy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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phd_unimib_896245.pdf
embargo fino al 10/03/2029
Descrizione: PARTECIPAZIONE E LEAVING CARE Il ruolo della partecipazione nella transizione all’età adulta dei care leavers
Tipologia di allegato:
Doctoral thesis
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